FOWLER'S TOAD (BUFO FOWLERI, PUTNAM)

Progesterone improves the number and quality of hormone induced Fowler toad (Bufo fowleri) oocytes

Combinations of progesterone, lutenizing hormone releasing hormone analogue (LHRHa), human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), and the dopamine-2 (DA2) receptor antagonist 1-[1-[4,4-bis(4-Fluorophenyl)butyl]-4-piperidinyl]-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one (Pimozide; Orap) were tested for improvement of spawning rates, oocyte numbers, fertilization and neurulation rates of the Fowler toad (Bufo fowl...

The aerobic cost of saltatory locomotion in the fowler's toad (Bufo woodhousei fowleri).

Studies of kangaroos suggest that hopping provides energy savings during locomotion at high speeds, although studies of small mammals suggest that hopping is no more economical than running. To obtain comparative data on anurans, we exercised Fowler's toads (Bufo woodhousei fowleri, 25.8 g) on treadmills at speeds ranging from 0.09 to 0.63 km h-1 while measuring oxygen consumption (VO2), endura...

Evidence of convergent character displacement in release vocalizations of Bufo fowleri and Bufo terrestris (Anura; Bufonidae)

Anuran release vocalizations prevent prolonged amplexus of males by conspecific and heterospecific males, whereas advertisement vocalizations potentially act as a premating isolation mechanism. Selection favouring prompt release during heterospecific amplexus should result in convergent character displacement in release vocalizations. Conversely, selection should produce divergent character dis...

Phalangeal bone anomalies in the European common toad Bufo bufo from polluted environments

Every spring, many of amphibians are killed by motor vehicles on roads. These road-killed animals can be used as valuable material for non-invasive studies showing the effect of environmental pollution on amphibian populations. The aims of our research were to check whether the phalanges of road-killed toads may be useful as material for histological analysis, and whether various degrees of hum...

The Use of Genetic Markers to Reveal Dynamic Processes in a Common Toad (bufo Bufo) Population